Influence of the tufting pattern on the formability of tufted multi-layered preforms

Abstract As a relatively novel technique, tufting is recently used to provide through-thickness reinforcement of a traditional 2D multi-layered preform, thus improving its resistance to delamination in the final part. In order to optimize the manufacturing process of the composite preforms reinforced by tufting, the studies of the forming behaviour of these tufted preforms are quite necessary, in particular, the influence of the tufting pattern. The present paper investigates the formability of the circle-spiral and square-spiral tufted preforms during the hemispherical and square-box forming. The forming defects and the consistency between the tufting pattern and punch shape are mainly discussed. The experimental assessment demonstrates that the tufting pattern has an impact on the formability of tufted preform and can modify/remove the forming defects. Moreover, there is no significant importance to use the similar tufting pattern to the punch shape and the forming results depend on the number of the tufting points in the zone underlying the blank holder.