Site assessment using echo sounding, side scan sonar and sub-bottom profiling.

The primary objective of this research is to use multifaceted geophysical data techniques in order to better map karst terrain beneath standing bodies of water. This study may help providing stronger mapping techniques for future bridge and dam construction projects to utilize. In order to evaluate the foundation of existing infrastructure, primarily bridges and dams, and demonstrate the utility and cost-effectiveness, numbers of geophysical methods will be used to provide detailed subsurface information. These geophysical methods will be used to identify the channel bottom texture (sand, cobbles, riprap, etc.), mapping river beds, locate sediment stratifications, bedrock, locating springs, old river channels, karst terrain (voids or soil-filled solution cavities), fractures, and jointed rock.