Avaliação de alterações histopatológicas da próstata e séricas do PSA em ratos tratados com N-Metil-N-Nitrosureia e testosterona

A testosterona tem sido cada vez mais usada em homens na fase do envelhecimento como prevencao e tratamento de doencas metabolicas, melhora do desempenho sexual, protecao cardiovascular e manutencao da cognicao. Porem ainda ha conflito sobre seus efeitos na prostata com relacao as doencas benignas e malignas. O presente estudo avaliou o efeito do tratamento com duas formas de testosterona sobre carcinoma de prostata induzido por N-Metil-N-Nitrosureia (NMU) a partir de analises histopatologicas e sericas do antigeno prostatico especifico (PSA). Para tal foram utilizados 80 ratos Wistar jovens, sadios, divididos em dois grupos (40 animais cada) tratados ou nao com NMU intraperitoneal. Cada grupo foi dividido em quatro subgrupos iguais e tratados durante 16 semanas: 1) tratado com cipionato de testosterona a cada sete dias via intramuscular; 2) tratado com cipionato de testosterona a cada 14 dias via intramuscular; 3) tratado com undecanoato de testosterona oral diariamente; 4) tratado com oleo mineral. Apos 16 semanas e tratamento, os niveis do PSA nao alteraram em nenhum grupo ou subgrupo e nao houve desenvolvimento de tumores em nenhum deles. Portanto, as duas formas distintas de testosterona associada ao uso de NMU em curto espaco de tempo por via intraperitoneal nao alteraram as dosagens sericas do PSA e nao induziram a formacao de tumores na prostata em ratos Wistar jovens e saudaveis. As alteracoes histopatologicas acinares encontradas nas prostatas foram projecao, secrecao, congestao e inflamacao, e as epiteliais foram: epitelio normal, reducao do epitelio e reducao na altura do mesmo. Tais achados colaboram para que outros estudos sejam realizados de maneira a orientar o uso de testosterona na pratica clinica diaria sem receio de inducao do câncer na prostata. (AU) Testosterone has been increasingly used in men during the aging process as prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases, improving sexual performance, cardiovascular protection and maintenance of cognition. But there are still conflicted about its effects in the prostate with respect to benign and malignant diseases. The present study evaluated the effect of treatment with two forms of testosterone on prostate carcinoma induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU) from pathological examinations and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA). For this we used 80 young Wistar rats, healthy, divides into two groups (40 animals each) or not treated with intraperitoneal NMU. Each group was divided into four equal subgroups and treated for 16 weeks: 1) treated with testosterone cypionate every seven days intramuscularly, 2) treated with testosterone cypionate every 14 days intramuscularly, 3) treated with oral testosterone undecanoate daily, 4) treated with mineral oil. After 16 semanas and treatment, PSA levels did not change in either group or sub-group and no tumor development in any of them. Therefore, two different forms of testosterone associated with the use of NMU in short time intraperitoneally did not affect the serum PSA and did not induce tumor formation in prostate in young healthy rats. Acinar histopathological changes were found in the prostates projection, secretion, congestion and inflammation, epithelial and were normal epithelium, epithelial reduction and reduction in height thereof. These findings collaborate to further studies are performed in order to guide the use of testosterone in daily clinical practice without fear of inducing prostate cancer. (AU)