Vortex assisted solid-phase extraction of lead(II) using orthorhombic nanosized Bi 2 WO 6 as a sorbent

Nanosized single crystal orthorhombic Bi2WO6 was synthesized by a hydrothermal method and used as a sorbent for vortex assisted solid phase extraction of lead(II). The crystal and molecular structure of the sorbent was examined using XRD, Raman, SEM and SEM-EDX analysis. Various parameters affecting extraction efficiency were optimized by using multivariate design. The effect of diverse ions on the extraction also was studied. Lead was quantified by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The recoveries of lead(II) from spiked samples (at a typical spiking level of 200–400 ng·mL−1) are >95%. Other figures of merit includes (a) a detection limit of 6 ng·mL−1, (b) a preconcentration factor of 50, (c) a relative standard deviation of 1.6%, and (d) and adsorption capacity of 6.6 mg·g−1. The procedure was successfully applied to accurate determination of lead in (spiked) pomegranate and water samples.