Structure and dynamics of undercooled and glassy aqueous ionic solutions by NMR, X‐ray and neutron scattering

X‐ray, neutron, and Raman scattering experiments have been performed on highly concentrated aqueous solutions of LiCl and ZnX2 (X=Br and I) in the undercooled and glassy states as well as at room temperature. The T1 relaxation time and the self‐diffusion coefficient of the water protons in the aqueous the ZnBr2 solutions have been measured at various temperatures toward the glass transition. For the concentrated LiCl solution, both X‐ray and neutron data have revealed stronger hydration of chloride ions (an increase in the hydration number and a decrease in the first neighbor Cl‐D distance) in the undercooled and glassy solutions than at ambient temperature. The X‐ray data have clearly shown the enhancement of the hydrogen bonded network of water in the undercooled and the glassy states. X‐ray and Raman data of the ZnX2 solutions have demonstrated the formation of both [ZnX4]2− and [Zn(OH2)6]2+ species in the undercooled and glassy solutions, in contrast to the presence of [ZnX2] and [ZnX3]− as main speci...