Study of the Effect of Multiple Tempering on the Impact Toughness of Forged S690 Structural Steel

During the production of forged metal components, the sequence of heat treatments that are carried out, as well as hot working, remarkably influences mechanical properties of the product, in particular impact toughness. It is possible to tailor impact toughness by varying tempering temperature and soaking time after hardening treatment, widening the application range of structural steels. In this work, we consider the effects of a second tempering treatment on the microstructural properties and impact toughness of a structural steel EN 10025-6 S690 (DIN StE690, W. n: 1.8931). The steel was first forged and quenched in water after austenitization at 890 °C for 4 h. After quenching different tempering treatments were performed, at 590 °C in single or multiple steps. The effect of these treatments was evaluated both in microstructural terms, by means of optical microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, and in terms of impact toughness. The mechanical behavior was correlated with the microstructure and a remarkable increase in impact toughness was found after the second tempering treatment due to carbide shape change.