Hot callusing for propagation of American beech by grafting

To increase grafting success rate, a hot callus grafting system was designed and implemented as part of a multiagency collaborative project to manage beech bark disease (BBD) through the establishment of regional BBD-resistant grafted seed orchards. Five years of data from over 2000 hot callus graft attempts were analyzed using a logistic regression model to determine which factors were important in graft success. Variables having the largest influence included scion genotype, technical problems, health issues (such as chlorosis or dwarfing), and contamination. Very few genotypes had significantly lower success compared with the average genotype, indicating that this method should be widely applicable. Comparison of the hot callus method with traditional grafting demonstrated that the odds of success using the hot callus method were 17 times greater than traditional grafting methods. Hot callus grafting is an efficient method for propagating American beech selections resistant to BBD for the establishment of seed orchards and superior clones with value as ornamentals.