Mediterranean diet, body esteem and anthropometric parameters in acrobatic teenage gymnasts / Dieta mediterránea, estima corporal y parámetros antropométricos en adolescentes practicantes de gimnasia acrobática
2021
Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the adherence to Mediterranean diet (AMD) and body esteem (BE) in acrobatic gymnasts and their relationships with anthropometric parameters. Participated 48 teenage gymnasts (32 girls and 16 boys) of 12-21old-years. The AMD was analyzed through Quality Test of Diet Mediterranean in Childhood and Adolescence (KIDMED test) and the Body Esteem Scale for Children (BES-C). The waist circumference was measured, as well as the height and weight, calculating BMI and waist-height ratio (WHR). The 69% of sample showed an optimal AMD with a BMI of 18.6 kg/ m2, waist circumference of 62.1 cm and WHR of 0.4 cm without sex differences. The AMD is not associated with BE and anthropometric parameters. In general, boys and girls showed good BE. Not significant relationships were found between values of KIDMED test, anthropometric variables and BE. In general, the eating habits of the gymnast were healthy, presenting to the most optimal AMD, normal values of BMI and a good perception of their body imagen. However, although these results are encouraging, it was evident that almost a third of the participants would need to improve their diet, which points to the need to strengthen nutritional education strategies in the sport field. Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la adherencia a la dieta mediterranea (ADM) y la estima corporal (EC) en gimnastas acrobaticos, asi como su relacion con parametros antropometricos. Participaron 48 gimnastas adolescentes (32 mujeres y 16 hombres), de 12-21 anos de edad. La ADM fue evaluada a traves del Indice de Calidad de la Dieta Mediterranea en la Infancia y Adolescencia (KIDMED) y la EC mediante la Escala de Estima Corporal para Ninos (BES-C); ademas fueron medidos (talla, peso y perimetro de cintura) para calcular el indice de masa corporal (IMC) y la razon cintura-talla (RCT). El 69% de los participantes mostro alta ADM y buena EC, con IMC promedio de 18.6 kg/m2, perimetro de cintura de 62.1 cm y RCT de 0.4 cm, sin registrarse diferencias entre sexos. La ADM no se asocio con la EC o los parametros antropometricos. En general, los habitos alimentarios de los participantes fueron saludables, con alta o moderada ADM y satisfactoria imagen corporal. No obstante, aunque estos resultados son alentadores, fue evidente que casi un tercio de los participantes requeriria mejorar su dieta, lo que apunta a la necesidad de fortalecer las estrategias de educacion nutricional en el ambito deportivo.
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