Use of molecular genetic studies to determine the species of the mycobacteria mais and M. tuberculosis complex

: The genus Mycobacterium currently comprises more than 90 species of Mycobacterium, of which a third is able to induce human diseases. With a rise in the incidence of diseases induced by non-tuberculosis mycobacteria, tuberculosis caused by M. bovis that is characterized by a severe cause and a high frequency of poor outcomes cannot be remembered. The species of mycobacteria should be identified to establish a diagnosis and to prescribe adequate chemotherapy. For this purpose, cultural, biochemical, chromatographic, and molecular genetic studies are conducted. The present study using the hsp65 gene restriction fragment length polymorphism test on museum mycobacterial strains and strains isolated from the diagnostic material of patients with suspected tuberculosis by means of Hind61 restrictase has provided a clear differentiation of the restriction profiles of MAIS complex mycobacteria and some other species of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria. To determine the species of representatives of M. tuberculosis complex (M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, BCG M. bovis), the authors have successfully used the test system "TUB-dif" developed at the Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, by applying the chain polymerase reaction of the senX3-regX3 region.