Detección de polimorfismos RAPD en materiales de musa sp. con respuesta diferencial al ataque de Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum

espanolPara detectar la existencia de polimorfismos RAPD en materiales de Musa sp. con respuesta diferencial a Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum, se evaluaron seis genotipos susceptibles (Pisang Awak, Cavendish Enano,Giant Cavendish, FHIA 17 proveniente del campo, FHIA 17 cultivado in vitro, FHIA 25) y dos tolerantes (BB y BBB). Se establecieron las condiciones de aislamiento y amplificacion al azar del ADN polimorfico (RAPD). El ADN se aislo, la concentracion se midio espectrofotometricamente y la pureza mediante las relaciones A260/A280 y A260/ A230. Se utilizaron 27 iniciadores de Operon Technologies (20 secuencias de la serie OPA, 5 de la OPJ y 2 de la serie OPM). Se realizo un analisis de conglomerado jerarquico usando InfoStat Profesional, el metodo de agrupamiento de Ward y la distancia de Jaccard. Se obtuvieron patrones de bandas diferenciales para cada genotipo, identificandose seis bandas que distinguen los genotipos tolerantes (981 pb con el primer OPA- 03, 630 pb con OPA-07, 630 pb con OPA10, 1725 pb con OPJ01, 580 pb con OPM20 y 630 pb con OPJ05). La serie OPA permitio observar mayores niveles de polimorfismo, con PICs entre0,22 y 0,68. El analisis de conglomerado separo dos grupos principales, uno incluyo los genotipos con genoma A exclusivamente, y el otro, los genotipos con genoma B, a excepcion del FHIA 17 in vitro. Hubo diferencias geneticas entre el FHIA 17 proveniente de campo y el cultivado in vitr EnglishTo detect RAPD polymorphisms in Musa sp. with differential response to Xanthomonas campestris pv. Musacearum six susceptible genotypes (Pisang Awak, Dwarf Cavendish, Giant Cavendish, FHIA 17, FHIA17 in vitro, FHIA25) and two tolerant (BB and BBB) were evaluated. Conditions for DNA isolation and rand om amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) were established. DNA was isolated according to Dellaporta et al. (1983), as amended by CIAT (2002), DNA concentration was measured spectrophotometrically. Additionally A260/A280 and A260/A230 ratios indicated the purity of the molecule. 27 Operon Technology primers (20 sequences in the series OPA, 5 from OPJ and 2 from OPM) were used. The statistical analysis was performed with a hierarchical cluster analysis using Infostat Professional version 2.0, Ward clustering method and the Jaccard distance. Specific band patterns were obtained for each genotype. Six bands were identified as unique for the tolerant genotypes (981 bp with OPA-03, 630 bp with OPA-07, 630 bp with OPA10, 1725 bp with OPJ01, 580 bp with OPM20 y 630 bp with OPJ05). OPA series allowed observation of higher levels of polymorphisms, having PIC values ranging 0.22 y 0.68. Hierarchical conglomerate analysis separated genotypes in 2 main groups, one including genotypes with the A genome exclusively, and the other with the B genome, except for FHIA 17 in vitro. There were genetic differences between FHIA 17 growing under field conditions and the one regenerated in vitro