Un acercamiento al conocimiento de la presencia de marcadores neurobiológicos y psicosociales en la génesis del suicidio.

Suicide has always been one of the great enigmas of humanity. The present work aims to address the most current elements of the neurobiological genesis of suicidal behavior that can contribute to its prevention. Various searches were made of printed and digital materials based on queries in the online catalog of the Infomed virtual library, in multidisciplinary databases as well as certified digital journals. Among the most prominent neurobiological markers currently described are low levels of 5-HIAA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), increased density of 5-HT1A receptors in the prefrontal cortex, decreased receptor binding sites serotonergic in the same region, decrease in platelet serotonin receptors, modification of the GABA-ergic system and benzodiazepine receptors, among others. Suicide has multidimensional qualities and a multifactorial etiopathogenesis, therefore, in the consummation of the suicidal act, genetic factors -neurobiological - psychopathological - family interaction - psychosocial stress should be considered. By way of conclusion, the neurobiological and psychosocial markers described seek to identify those individuals with a potential risk of suicide to establish a prevention measure, which requires their detection and intervention in time, seeking to avoid the occurrence of the first attempt and, in turn, the repetition of the act that entails to the fatal outcome.