Macrodomain-containing proteins are new mono-ADP-ribosylhydrolases

ADP-ribosylation is an important post-translational protein modification, yet enzymes capable of removing the protein-proximal ADP-ribose were unknown. Human macrodomain proteins MacroD1, D2 and C6orf130 are now shown to catalyze mono-ADP-ribose removal. MacroD2 is also shown to reverse the inhibition of GSK3A caused by ARTD10-catalyzed mono-ADP-ribosylation.