Antiplasmodial Effect of Nano Dendrimer G2 Loaded with Chloroquine in Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei.

Malaria is a parasitic lethal disease caused by Plasmodium protozoa. The resistance and drugs’ side effects have led to numerous researches for alternative suitable drugs with better efficiency and lower toxicity In the present study, we investigated in vivo antimalarial effects of G2 linear dendrimer-based nano-chloroquine. After the preparation of nano dendrimer G2, chloroquine loading was done. Determine the characterization of particles were specified by DLS, SLS and SEM. The LC–MS and FTIR were used for verifying the nano dendrimer G2 and the loading of chloroquine into the compound. The Solubility N-chloroquine and measurement of drug release rate were done. Antiplasmodial activity of N-chloroquine on BALB/c mice was performed by the microscope and enzymatic methods. At the end, In vivo toxicity of N-chloroquine on tissues was assayed. The RBC morphology and enzyme levels were identified. The results showed the synthesized N-chloroquine had suitable size and solubility. Highest inhibitory effect on Plasmodium parasitic growth was observed at 16 mg/kg dose of N-chloroquine, which eliminated 95% of the parasites (p > 0.05). ED50 is observed at 7.7 mg/kg of N-chloroquine dose. Biochemical findings showed the synthesized N-chloroquine was safer than chloroquine. The N-chloroquine no adverse effects were observed in examined tissues. Due to the better effect of the synthesized N-chloroquine on Plasmodium berghei in mice compared to chloroquine, this nanoparticle can be considered as an effective anti-plasmodium compound while more comprehensive research is recommended.