Identification and quantification of gallotannins in mango (Mangifera indica L.) kernel and peel and their antiproliferative activities

Abstract Mango ( Mangifera indica L.) fruit is rich in polyphenolic compounds. Identification of individual gallotannins and evaluation of antiproliferative activities of gallotannin-rich extracts from kernel and peel of three Chinese mango cultivars were carried out in the present study. Five gallotannins, i.e. penta-, hexa-, hepta-, octa-, and nona- O -galloyl-glucoside were isolated and identified by LC-ESI-MS/MS and NMR, and quantified by HPLC. Mango kernel was a much richer source of gallotannins than its peel, and its antiproliferative effects on MDA-MB-231 breast, HepG2 liver, and HL-60 leukemia cancer cells were reported for the first time. DPPH • scavenging and antiproliferative activities of the mango kernel and peel extracts may be partially caused by penta- O -galloyl-glucoside or its analogs with different galloyl groups since penta- O -galloyl-glucoside and gallic acid also revealed high antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. Therefore, the gallotannin-rich extracts of mango kernel and peel may serve as natural sources of anticancer agents and may have important pharmaceutical potential.