Long-term results of coronary endovascular revascularisation with eluting sirolimus-stents in patients with coronary heart disease comorbid with type-2 diabetes mellitus: evidence from 18-month prospective study

Aim. To study long-term results of 3-42-month (mean 18.1 ± 1.2 month) of a prospective clinically and angiologically controlled follow-up after coronary endovascular revascularisation with sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) comorbid with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Material and methods. A total of 108 CHD patients with angina pectoris resistant to antianginal therapy were divided into 2 groups: 51 CHD patients with mild and moderate type-2 DM (group 1); 57 CHD patients free of diabetus (group 2). All the patients have undergone successful coronary endovascular revascularisation with SES. Anti-ischemic efficacy and safety of stenting were studied in the course of 18-month prospective follow-up. Results. An anti-ischemic effect of stenting in hospital setting was achieved in all the patients. 18 months after stenting frequency and severity of anginal attacks reduced in group 1 by 70.6%, daily need in nitroglicerine - by 71.9%, in group 2 - by 87.1 and 93.1%, respectively. As a result, exercise tolerance improved in group 1 by 38.3%, in group 2 - by 40.8%. Quality of life improved by 22.7 and 25.1%, respectively. Most of the patients showed no deterioration of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism compensation. Recurrent angina and symptoms of painless myocardial ischemia occurred in 39.3 and 14% patients of group 1 and 2, respectively. More frequent causes of the recurrence were progression of coronary artery atherosclerosis de novo and Cypher stent restenosis (11.8 and 3.5% in group 1 and 2, respectively). Conclusion. SES implantation provided good anti-ischemic efficacy in 60.7 and 86% CHD patients with and without DM, respectively. It significantly improved exercise tolerance and quality of life.