Study of the process at LEP

M. Acciarri,P. Achard,O. Adriani,M. Aguilar-Benitez,J. Alcaraz,G. Alemanni,J. Allaby,A. Aloisio,M. G. Alviggi,G. Ambrosi,H. Anderhub,V.P. Andreev,T. Angelescu,F. Anselmo,A. Arefiev,T. Azemoon,Tariq Aziz,P. Bagnaia,A. Bajo,L. Baksay,A. Balandras,S.V. Baldew,S Banerjee,Sw. Banerjee,A. Barczyk,R. Barillère,P Bartalini,M. Basile,N. Batalova,R. Battiston,A. Bay,F. Becattini,U. Becker,F. Behner,L. Bellucci,R. Berbeco,J. Berdugo,P. Berges,B. Bertucci,B.L. Betev,S. Bhattacharya,M. Biasini,M. Biglietti,A. Biland,J.J. Blaising,S.C. Blyth,Gerjan Bobbink,A. Böhm,Laszlo Boldizsar,B. Borgia,D. Bourilkov,M. Bourquin,S. Braccini,J. G. Branson,F. Brochu,A. Buffini,A. Buijs,J.D. Burger,W.J. Burger,X. D. Cai,M. Capell,G. Cara Romeo,G. Carlino,A.M. Cartacci,J. Casaus,G. Castellini,F. Cavallari,N. Cavallo,C. Cecchi,M. Cerrada,F. Cesaroni,M. Chamizo,Yu-Hsiang Chang,U.K. Chaturvedi,M. Chemarin,A. Chen,G. Chen,G.M. Chen,H.F. Chen,H.S. Chen,G. Chiefari,L. Cifarelli,F. Cindolo,Carlo Civinini,I. Clare,R. Clare,G. Coignet,N. Colino,S Costantini,F. Cotorobai,B. De La Cruz,A. Csilling,S. Cucciarelli,T. S. Dai,J.A. van Dalen,Raffaello DAlessandro,R. de Asmundis,P. Déglon,A. Degré,K. Deiters,D. della Volpe,E. Delmeire,P. Denes,F. DeNotaristefani,A. De Salvo,M. Diemoz,M. Dierckxsens,D. van Dierendonck,C. Dionisi,M. Dittmar,A. Dominguez,A. Doria,M. T. Dova,D. Duchesneau,D. Dufournaud,P. Duinker,H. El Mamouni,A. Engler,F.J. Eppling,F.C. Erné,A. Ewers,P. Extermann,M. Fabre,M.A. Falagan,S. Falciano,A. Favara,J. Fay,O. L. Fedin,Marta Felcini,T. Ferguson,H. Fesefeldt,E. Fiandrini,J.H. Field,F. Filthaut,Peter H. Fisher,I. Fisk,G. Forconi,K. Freudenreich,C. Furetta,Yu. Galaktionov,S.N. Ganguli,P. Garcia Abia,M. Gataullin,S.S. Gau,S. Gentile,N. Gheordanescu,S. Giagu,Z.F. Gong,Gérald Grenier,O. Grimm,M.W. Gruenewald,M. Guida,R. van Gulik,V.K. Gupta,A. Gurtu,L. Gutay,D. Haas,A. Hasan,D Hatzifotiadou,T. Hebbeker,A. Hervé,P. Hidas,J. Hirschfelder,H. Hofer,G. Holzner,H Hoorani,S. Hou,Y. Hu,I. Iashvili,B.N. Jin,L. W. Jones,P. de Jong,I. Josa-Mutuberria,R.A. Khan,D. Käfer,M. Kaur,M.N. Kienzle-Focacci,D. Kim,Je Kim,J. Kirkby,D. Kiss,W. Kittel,A. Klimentov,A. C. König,M. Kopal,A. K. Kopp,V. Koutsenko,M. Kräber,R.W. Kraemer,W. Krenz,A. Krüger,A. Kunin,P. Ladron de Guevara,I. Laktineh,G. Landi,M. Lebeau,A. Lebedev,P. Lebrun,P. Lecomte,Paul Lecoq,P. Le Coultre,H.J. Lee,J.M. Le Goff,R. Leiste,P. Levtchenko,C Li,S. Likhoded,C. H. Lin,W. Lin,F. Linde,L Lista,Z.A. Liu,W. Lohmann,E. Longo,Y.S. Lu,K. Lübelsmeyer,C. Luci,D. Luckey,L. Lugnier,L. Luminari,W. Lustermann,W.G. Ma,M. Maity,L. Malgeri,A Malinin,C. Maña,D. Mangeol,J. Mans,G. Marian,J.-P. Martin,F. Marzano,K. Mazumdar,R.R. McNeil,S. Mele,L. Merola,M. Meschini,W.J. Metzger,M. von der Mey,A Mihul,H. Milcent,G. Mirabelli,J. Mnich,G. B. Mohanty,T. Moulik,G.S. Muanza,A.J.M. Muijs,B. Musicar,M. Musy,M. Napolitano,F. Nessi-Tedaldi,Harvey B Newman,T. Niessen,A. Nisati,H. Nowak,R. Ofierzynski,Giovanni Organtini,A. Oulianov,C. Palomares,D. Pandoulas,S. Paoletti,P. Paolucci,Riccardo Paramatti,H.K. Park,I.H Park,G. Passaleva,S. Patricelli,T. Paul,M. Pauluzzi,Christoph Paus,F. Pauss,M. Pedace,S. Pensotti,D. Perret-Gallix,B. Petersen,Davide Piccolo,F. Pierella,M. Pieri,P. Piroué,E. Pistolesi,V. Plyaskin,M. Pohl,V. Pojidaev,H. Postema,J. Pothier,D.O. Prokofiev,D. Prokofiev,J. Quartieri,G. Rahal-Callot,M.A. Rahaman,P. Raics,N. Raja,R. Ramelli,P.G. Rancoita,R. Ranieri,A. Raspereza,G. Raven,Panos A Razis,D. Ren,M. Rescigno,S. Reucroft,S. Riemann,K. Riles,J. Rodin,B.P. Roe,Luciano Romero,A. Rosca,S. Rosier-Lees,S. Roth,C. Rosenbleck,B. Roux,J.A. Rubio,G. Ruggiero,H. Rykaczewski,S. Saremi,S. Sarkar,J. Salicio,E. Sanchez,M. P. Sanders,C. Schäfer,V. A. Schegelsky,S. Schmidt-Kaerst,D. Schmitz,H. Schopper,D.J. Schotanus,G. Schwering,C. Sciacca,A. Seganti,L. Servoli,S. Shevchenko,N. Shivarov,V. Shoutko,E. Shumilov,A. Shvorob,T. Siedenburg,D. C. Son,B. Smith,P. Spillantini,M. Steuer,David Stickland,A. Stone,B. Stoyanov,A. Straessner,K. Sudhakar,G. Sultanov,L.Z. Sun,S. Sushkov,H. Suter,J.D. Swain,Z. Szillasi,T. Sztaricskai,X.W. Tang,L. Tauscher,L. Taylor,B. Tellili,D. Teyssier,C. Timmermans,Samuel C.C. Ting,S. M. Ting,S.C. Tonwar,J. Tóth,C. Tully,K.L. Tung,Y. Uchida,J. Ulbricht,E. Valente,G. Vesztergombi,I. Vetlitsky,D. Vicinanza,G. Viertel,S. Villa,M. Vivargent,S. Vlachos,I. Vodopianov,H. Vogel,H. Vogt,I. Vorobiev,A. A. Vorobyov,A. Vorvolakos,M. Wadhwa,W. Wallraff,Meng Wang,X.L. Wang,Z.M. Wang,A. Weber,Martin Weber,P. Wienemann,H. Wilkens,S.X. Wu,S. Wynhoff,L. Xia,Z.Z. Xu,J. Yamamoto,B.Z. Yang,C.G. Yang,H. Yang,M. Yang,J.B. Ye,S.C. Yeh,An. Zalite,Yu. Zalite,Zhiqing Zhang,G.Y. Zhu,R. Y. Zhu,A. Zichichi,G. Zilizi,B. Zimmermann,M. Zöller

Study of the process at LEP

2001

M. Acciarri
P. Achard
O. Adriani
M. Aguilar-Benitez
J. Alcaraz
G. Alemanni
J. Allaby
A. Aloisio
M. G. Alviggi
G. Ambrosi
H. Anderhub
V.P. Andreev
T. Angelescu
F. Anselmo
A. Arefiev
T. Azemoon
Tariq Aziz
P. Bagnaia
A. Bajo
L. Baksay
A. Balandras
S.V. Baldew
S Banerjee
Sw. Banerjee
A. Barczyk
R. Barillère
P Bartalini
M. Basile
N. Batalova
R. Battiston
A. Bay
F. Becattini
U. Becker
F. Behner
L. Bellucci
R. Berbeco
J. Berdugo
P. Berges
B. Bertucci
B.L. Betev
S. Bhattacharya
M. Biasini
M. Biglietti
A. Biland
J.J. Blaising
S.C. Blyth
Gerjan Bobbink
A. Böhm
Laszlo Boldizsar
B. Borgia
D. Bourilkov
M. Bourquin
S. Braccini
J. G. Branson
F. Brochu
A. Buffini
A. Buijs
J.D. Burger
W.J. Burger
X. D. Cai
M. Capell
G. Cara Romeo
G. Carlino
A.M. Cartacci
J. Casaus
G. Castellini
F. Cavallari
N. Cavallo
C. Cecchi
M. Cerrada
F. Cesaroni
M. Chamizo
Yu-Hsiang Chang
U.K. Chaturvedi
M. Chemarin
A. Chen
G. Chen
G.M. Chen
H.F. Chen
H.S. Chen
G. Chiefari
L. Cifarelli
F. Cindolo
Carlo Civinini
I. Clare
R. Clare
G. Coignet
N. Colino
S Costantini
F. Cotorobai
B. De La Cruz
A. Csilling
S. Cucciarelli
T. S. Dai
J.A. van Dalen
Raffaello DAlessandro
R. de Asmundis
P. Déglon
A. Degré
K. Deiters
D. della Volpe
E. Delmeire
P. Denes
F. DeNotaristefani
A. De Salvo
M. Diemoz
M. Dierckxsens
D. van Dierendonck
C. Dionisi
M. Dittmar
A. Dominguez
A. Doria
M. T. Dova
D. Duchesneau
D. Dufournaud
P. Duinker
H. El Mamouni
A. Engler
F.J. Eppling
F.C. Erné
A. Ewers
P. Extermann
M. Fabre
M.A. Falagan
S. Falciano
A. Favara
J. Fay
O. L. Fedin
Marta Felcini
T. Ferguson
H. Fesefeldt
E. Fiandrini
J.H. Field
F. Filthaut
Peter H. Fisher
I. Fisk
G. Forconi
K. Freudenreich
C. Furetta
Yu. Galaktionov
S.N. Ganguli
P. Garcia Abia
M. Gataullin
S.S. Gau
S. Gentile
N. Gheordanescu
S. Giagu
Z.F. Gong
Gérald Grenier
O. Grimm
M.W. Gruenewald
M. Guida
R. van Gulik
V.K. Gupta
A. Gurtu
L. Gutay
D. Haas
A. Hasan
D Hatzifotiadou
T. Hebbeker
A. Hervé
P. Hidas
J. Hirschfelder
H. Hofer
G. Holzner
H Hoorani
S. Hou
Y. Hu
I. Iashvili
B.N. Jin
L. W. Jones
P. de Jong
I. Josa-Mutuberria
R.A. Khan
D. Käfer
M. Kaur
M.N. Kienzle-Focacci
D. Kim
Je Kim
J. Kirkby
D. Kiss
W. Kittel
A. Klimentov
A. C. König
M. Kopal
A. K. Kopp
V. Koutsenko
M. Kräber
R.W. Kraemer
W. Krenz
A. Krüger
A. Kunin
P. Ladron de Guevara
I. Laktineh
G. Landi
M. Lebeau
A. Lebedev
P. Lebrun
P. Lecomte
Paul Lecoq
P. Le Coultre
H.J. Lee
J.M. Le Goff
R. Leiste
P. Levtchenko
C Li
S. Likhoded
C. H. Lin
W. Lin
F. Linde
L Lista
Z.A. Liu
W. Lohmann
E. Longo
Y.S. Lu
K. Lübelsmeyer
C. Luci
D. Luckey
L. Lugnier
L. Luminari
W. Lustermann
W.G. Ma
M. Maity
L. Malgeri
A Malinin
C. Maña
D. Mangeol
J. Mans
G. Marian
J.-P. Martin
F. Marzano
K. Mazumdar
R.R. McNeil
S. Mele
L. Merola
M. Meschini
W.J. Metzger
M. von der Mey
A Mihul
H. Milcent
G. Mirabelli
J. Mnich
G. B. Mohanty
T. Moulik
G.S. Muanza
A.J.M. Muijs
B. Musicar
M. Musy
M. Napolitano
F. Nessi-Tedaldi
Harvey B Newman
T. Niessen
A. Nisati
H. Nowak
R. Ofierzynski
Giovanni Organtini
A. Oulianov
C. Palomares
D. Pandoulas
S. Paoletti
P. Paolucci
Riccardo Paramatti
H.K. Park
I.H Park
G. Passaleva
S. Patricelli
T. Paul
M. Pauluzzi
Christoph Paus
F. Pauss
M. Pedace
S. Pensotti
D. Perret-Gallix
B. Petersen
Davide Piccolo
F. Pierella
M. Pieri
P. Piroué
E. Pistolesi
V. Plyaskin
M. Pohl
V. Pojidaev
H. Postema
J. Pothier
D.O. Prokofiev
D. Prokofiev
J. Quartieri
G. Rahal-Callot
M.A. Rahaman
P. Raics
N. Raja
R. Ramelli
P.G. Rancoita
R. Ranieri
A. Raspereza
G. Raven
Panos A Razis
D. Ren
M. Rescigno
S. Reucroft
S. Riemann
K. Riles
J. Rodin
B.P. Roe
Luciano Romero
A. Rosca
S. Rosier-Lees
S. Roth
C. Rosenbleck
B. Roux
J.A. Rubio
G. Ruggiero
H. Rykaczewski
S. Saremi
S. Sarkar
J. Salicio
E. Sanchez
M. P. Sanders
C. Schäfer
V. A. Schegelsky
S. Schmidt-Kaerst
D. Schmitz
H. Schopper
D.J. Schotanus
G. Schwering
C. Sciacca
A. Seganti
L. Servoli
S. Shevchenko
N. Shivarov
V. Shoutko
E. Shumilov
A. Shvorob
T. Siedenburg
D. C. Son
B. Smith
P. Spillantini
M. Steuer
David Stickland
A. Stone
B. Stoyanov
A. Straessner
K. Sudhakar
G. Sultanov
L.Z. Sun
S. Sushkov
H. Suter
J.D. Swain
Z. Szillasi
T. Sztaricskai
X.W. Tang
L. Tauscher
L. Taylor
B. Tellili
D. Teyssier
C. Timmermans
Samuel C.C. Ting
S. M. Ting
S.C. Tonwar
J. Tóth
C. Tully
K.L. Tung
Y. Uchida
J. Ulbricht
E. Valente
G. Vesztergombi
I. Vetlitsky
D. Vicinanza
G. Viertel
S. Villa
M. Vivargent
S. Vlachos
I. Vodopianov
H. Vogel
H. Vogt
I. Vorobiev
A. A. Vorobyov
A. Vorvolakos
M. Wadhwa
W. Wallraff
Meng Wang
X.L. Wang
Z.M. Wang
A. Weber
Martin Weber
P. Wienemann
H. Wilkens
S.X. Wu
S. Wynhoff
L. Xia
Z.Z. Xu
J. Yamamoto
B.Z. Yang
C.G. Yang
H. Yang
M. Yang
J.B. Ye
S.C. Yeh
An. Zalite
Yu. Zalite
Zhiqing Zhang
G.Y. Zhu
R. Y. Zhu
A. Zichichi
G. Zilizi
B. Zimmermann
M. Zöller

The process is studied in 0.5 fb−1 of data collected with the L3 detector at centre-of-mass energies between 130.1 GeV and 201.7 GeV. Cross sections are measured and found to be consistent with the Standard Model expectations. The study of the least energetic photon constrains the quartic gauge boson couplings to −0.008 GeV−2

Keywords:

Quantum electrodynamics
Detector
Quartic function
Gauge boson
Confidence interval
Particle physics
Photon
Physics
Standard Model
Nuclear physics
Coupling

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