Time-Delay Estimation Using Cross-ΨB-Energy Operator

� Abstract—In this paper, a new time-delay estimation technique based on the cross < B-energy operator (5) is introduced. This quadratic energy detector measures how much a signal is present in another one. The location of the peak of the energy operator, corresponding to the maximum of interaction between the two signals, is the estimate of the delay. The method is a fully data-driven approach. The discrete version of the continuous-time form of the cross < B- energy operator, for its implementation, is presented. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated on real underwater acoustic signals arriving from targets and the results compared to the cross-correlation method. Keywords—Teager-Kaiser energy operator, Cross-energy operator, Time-Delay, Underwater acoustic signals.