Controllable soliton transition and interaction in nonlocal nonlinear media

Two kinds of controllable evolutions of optical solitons are predicted in nonlocal nonlinear media by gradually tuning the characteristic length of response function. On the one hand, the solitons can smoothly transit among the ones of different widths. On the other hand, two parallel out-of-phase solitons can be conveniently tailored to attract or repel each other. In addition, numerical results demonstrate that all the transitions of fundamental and multipole solitons can be physically realized in actual nonlocal media, such as nematic liquid crystal, and are stable against noise. Obviously, control soliton widths and interactions have important research opportunities and application prospects in signal processing and transmission.