Laser-polarized 129Xe NMR at 1.88 T and 8.5 mT: a signal-to-noise ratio comparison

Abstract The signal-to-noise ratio of nuclear magnetic resonance signals from laser-polarized 129 Xe gas was investigated at 8.5 mT and compared to that of signals acquired at 1.88 T. A dedicated 8.5 mT resistive magnet was constructed and used to acquire the signals. The SNR for 1 atm of xenon gas with a polarization of 1% was measured to be 1900 at a field of 1.88 T. Under identical acquisition conditions, the SNR at 8.5 mT was about 60 (or 32 times lower). After measuring and including all of the electrical factors of the detection systems at each field strength, theory indicates the SNR value measured at 8.5 mT should be about 36 times lower. Considering the widely differing frequencies and completely different detection systems the agreement is quite good and indicates that extrapolating the frequency dependence of the SNR down to very low fields does work as long as the detection system parameters are carefully accounted for. This work suggests that magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is achievable on ideal gas samples at 8.5 mT using laser-polarized 129 Xe gas down to the practical resolution limit of about 0.5 mm, although the SNR will be very low (∼1.4). The feasibility of imaging small animals at 8.5 mT is discussed and it is suggested that a field of about 50 mT is required.