Flavonoid subclasses and type 2 diabetes mellitus risk: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

AbstractEpidemiological studies have suggested controversial associations between flavonoid subclasses and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to quantitatively estimate these associations with prospective cohort study. A systematic literature search in PubMed and Scopus databases was performed up to May 2018. Multivariate-adjust relative risks (RRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the highest versus the lowest category were pooled by using a random-effects model. Using restricted cubic spline regression model, non-linear dose-response analysis was estimated. Nine independent prospective cohort studies with 172,058 participants and 16910 events were included. Dietary intakes of flavanols, flavonols, flavan-3-ols and isoflavones were inversely associated with T2DM risk, and the summary RRs were 0.86 (95%CI: 0.77, 0.97), 0.91 (95%CI: 0.85, 0.98), 0.90 (95%: 0.82, 0.99) and 0.91 (95%CI: 0.84, 0.98), respectively. Dose-response analysis showed t...