Method for preparing 1-nitroanthraquinone by using pyrrolidinone ionic liquid as catalyst

The invention belongs to the technical field of anthraquinone dye intermediate synthesis, and particularly relates to a method for preparing 1-nitroanthraquinone through location nitration by using pyrrolidinone ionic liquid as a catalyst. The method comprises the step of preparing the 1-nitroanthraquinone by using anthraquinone and a nitration agent as raw materials and using the pyrrolidinone ionic liquid as the catalyst. The method has the advantages that the purity of the crude 1-nitroanthraquinone product obtained in a catalytic nitration process is increased to 90% or more, the catalyst preparation is simple, the cost is reduced, and the quantity of solid waste residues generated in a refinement process is reduced.