The Application of 3D Visual Interactive Drive Simulation Technology to Safer Road Design

This paper explores the application of 3D Visual Interactive Drive Simulation technology and virtual driving trials, to the design of a tunnelled highway junction in Tokyo, Japan. A 5- paneled virtual reality driving simulator allowed for road plans to be experienced from a driver’s perspective in a 3D real-time interactive environment. Surveys from subjects driving in the virtual environment, as well as behavioural information extracted from the scenarios, were used to assess the visibility of signs, road markings, guidance information, and evacuation routes. Results of the driving experiments show that only 20% of drivers observed proposed wall markings, 72% understood exit directions associated with particular colours, 50% noticed overhead traffic notices and 22% of drivers slowed upon observing warnings of upcoming traffic congestion. Surveys also determined that sign lettering should be made larger, and road markings a lighter blue. Finally, the effectiveness of the 3D Visual Interactive Simulation virtual reality tool for assisting with signage design and safety assessment is analyzed. Future directions for research and further practical applications for virtual trials are presented.