Examining the feasibility, acceptability, and potential utility of mobile distress screening in adult cancer patients

OBJECTIVE: A common method of distress monitoring in cancer patients relies on static and retrospective data collected in-person at the time of a health care provider appointment. Relatively little work has examined the potential usefulness of mobile distress monitoring using cancer patients' smartphones. The current study deployed longitudinal distress monitoring using secure text messaging. METHODS: In an observational study, a total of 52 cancer patients receiving active cancer treatment (Mage  = 58, 62% female) received a text message once a week for 4 weeks. Text messages contained a secure link to complete online the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), a commonly used distress screener. RESULTS: Cancer patients completed a distress screener 75% of the time they received a text message. On average, it took less than a minute to complete each mobile distress screener. Geolocation data indicated that cancer patients completed distress screeners across a range of locations. Analyses of model fit of distress scores indicated significant heterogeneity in variability of distress scores over time and across cancer patients (AIC = 630.5). Quantitative feedback from cancer patients at the end of the study indicated high ease of use, ease of learning, and satisfaction of completing mobile distress screeners. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the use of secure text messaging to monitor longitudinal, out of clinic, distress in cancer patients. Findings also highlight the importance of mobile-based approaches to distress screening in order to maximize opportunities to intervene.