Mechanisms and Consequences of Drug–Drug Interactions

Understanding the mechanisms and consequences of drug–drug interactions is essential for the development of new pharmaceuticals and for the design of multidrug regimens. Drug interactions occur when one drug changes the pharmacokinetic and/or the pharmacodynamic actions of another drug. This article focuses on the common mechanisms of drug–drug interactions and pharmacokinetic principles of drug interactions, including different experimental systems and modeling tools used to investigate possible drug interactions. Keywords: drug–drug interactions; pharmacokinetics; pharmacodynamics; modeling tools