Orthopedic Conditions of the Premature and Dysmature Foal

Incomplete ossification of the cuboidal bones is a common finding in premature and dysmature foals, and possibly in foals with hypothyroidism.
Radiographs of the carpus and tarsus should be performed in any high-risk foal to obtain a diagnosis.
Goals of treatment include limiting weight bearing and exercise.
Complications including angular limb deformities, degenerative joint disease, and osteochondrosis dissecans may occur.
Prognosis is guarded depending on the degree of incomplete ossification.