Mechanochemistry in the Utilisation/Minimisation of Wastes from Metallurgical and Allied Industries

This paper is a critical review on application of mechan-ochemistry in the Bayer process, blended cements (Portland Slag Cement, Portland Pozzolana cement) and fly ash based geopolymers. The review has three parts: a) Basic findings on mechanical activation of bauxite, granulated blast furnace slag and fly ash-the emphasis is on mineral interaction in the activation of bauxite, surface activation of slag, and activation of glass phase in fly ash; (b) Novel processes/ products involving mechanical activation with the ultimate objective of waste mini-misation (red mud in Bayer process) and utilization (in blended cements and geopolymers); (C)Barriers and research needs in implementation of the processes/products