Visceral adiposity in young patients with coronary artery disease—a case control study

Abstract Aims Central obesity is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. We carried out a hospital based case control study in young patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) to assess the importance of visceral fat Methods Coronary artery disease was established by coronary angiogram in all cases. Controls were age- and sex-matched subjects with normal coronary angiogram. Computed tomography scan performed at the level of the umbilicus to measure subcutaneous and visceral fat area (VFA). Results Cases and controls were well matched in height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). Visceral fat area was significantly higher (122.58 ± 37.59 vs. 88.4 ± 36.95 cm 2 ; P =0.003) in cases whereas subcutaneous fat area was similar in cases and controls. Visceral fat area was an excellent predictor of cardiovascular risk (area under receiver operating characteristics curve 0.915 cm 2 ). Visceral fat area correlated with BMI, waist hip ratio, blood sugar, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein significantly. Conclusion Visceral adiposity is associated with an increased risk of CAD and it correlated with anthropometric, metabolic, and inflammatory markers.