Modelos animales en el aprendizaje de cardiología intervencionista

The use of animal models for experimentation and training in surgical techniques is well-established and has been regulated for many years. Technical advances mean that simulators now complement the use of animal models for acquiring surgical skills. Nevertheless, live animal models are still used for demonstrating the application of particular techniques and devices and for surgical training, necessarily in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations of the country concerned. However, the use of animal models for training in interventional cardiology is minimal. This article provides a review of the potential applications of animal models in different areas of interventional cardiology, whether for coronary disease or structural heart disease, and summarizes the distinctive characteristics of each species used. Ethical and legal issues are also discussed. Finally, it is proposed that this kind of training should be integrated into educational programs in the specialty.