Collapse column detection method and device

The invention provides a collapse column detection method and a device, and relates to the technical field of seismic exploration. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a data body of 3D seismic data of a target underground area, wherein the data body of 3D seismic data carries the interface information of underground rock strata, and the interface information of underground rock strata includes the attribute information of underground rock strata and/or the structure information of underground rock strata; carrying out operation on the data body of 3D seismic data through an ant tracking algorithm to get an ant tracking attribute body containing ant body attribute, wherein the ant body attribute indicates the discontinuity of the geological structure; and determining a target data body containing position information and boundary information of collapse columns according to the ant tracking attribute body so as to identify collapse columns in the target underground area according to the target data body. The technical problem that collapse columns cannot be effectively identified in the prior art is alleviated. The technical effects of accurate prediction of the position of a collapse column and accurate depiction of the boundary of a collapse column are achieved.