WSN-based Border Surveillance Systems Using Estimated Known Crossing Paths

Border surveillance application has become one of promising application areas of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A primary objective of this application is the detection of illegal crossing; intruder in the border area. However, the quality of the intruders detection affected by various conditions such as the sensor density, the sensor range, the area width and the intruder crossing paths. The latter is an important factor for evaluating the performance of the WSN based border surveillance as it differs from one intruder to another. An estimation of the intruders crossing paths is necessary then to provide a proper and efficient design of the network. For this, we focus in this paper on introducing the notion of intruder crossing path and developing a model that estimates the crossing time of the monitored area taking into account the characteristics of the area and the behavior of the intruders crossing this area. Then we propose a deployment method based on the intruders crossing paths that optimize the number of deployed sensors while ensuring an early and high detection level of the intruders.