Effect of pulmonary surfactant on the prevention of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of pulmonary surfactant on the prevention of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) in premature infants. METHODS A total of 216 premature infants in our hospital were selected. According to the guardian's choice, premature infants were grouped into treatment with pulmonary surfactant (PS) combined with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP; the observation group) and treatment with NCPAP alone (the control group). The observation group was further divided into the young gestational age group (group A, 40 cases) and old gestational age group (group B, 74 cases), while the control group was divided into the young gestational age group (group C, 35 cases) and old gestational age group (group D, 67 cases). The incidence of NRDS, the first and second use of PS, the number of cases with mechanical ventilation, use of oxygen time, length of hospital stay and complications were observed. RESULTS The incidence of NRDS in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, but the first use rate of PS was higher than in the control group (P 0.05). CONCLUSION Early use of PS can prevent the incidence of NRDS in preterm infants, significantly reduce the incidence of NRDS in neonates with young gestational age. It can also improve the survival rate of patients with young gestational age without increasing the incidence of complications.