Migration to urban areas

Results from surveys of migrants and nonmigrants in rural and urban areas indicate that: (1) young adults have the greatest propensity to migrate; (2) migratory stages proceed from a predominance of male migrants through family migrants to female migrants: (3) persons at very high and very low educational levels migrate; (4) people migrate to be near high - wage jobs, social services, and infrastructural opportunities; (5) intermigration fosters economic growth by breaking down traditional values and replacing them with modern ideas; (6) rural - urban migration continues until expected urban real income equals expected rural real income; (7) migration is a function of relative differentials of skilled to unskilled income per capita and of the quality and availability of educational facilities; (8) distance is a deterrent to rural - urban migration; (9) nonmonetary reasons for migration include improved status, proximity to other family members or friends, marriage opportunities, entertainment facilities, physical security, and climate; and (10) agricultural policy decisions can affect the volume of rural - urban migration. Numerous references.