A tolerogenic peptide down‐regulates mature B cells in bone marrow of lupus‐afflicted mice by inhibition of interleukin‐7, leading to apoptosis

Summary Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease mediated by T and B cells. It is characterized by a variety of autoantibodies and systemic clinical manifestations. A tolerogenic peptide, designated hCDR1, ameliorated the serological and clinical manifestations of SLE in both spontaneous and induced models of lupus. In the present study, we evaluated the status of mature B cells in the bone marrow (BM) of SLEafflicted mice, and determined the effect of treatment with the tolerogenic peptide hCDR1 on these cells. We demonstrate herein that mature B cells of the BM of SLE-afflicted (New Zealand Black · New Zealand White)F1 mice were largely expanded, and that treatment with hCDR1 down-regulated this population. Moreover, treatment with hCDR1 inhibited the expression of the pathogenic cytokines [interferon-c and interleukin (IL)-10], whereas it up-regulated the expression of transforming growth factor-b in the BM. Treatment with hCDR1 up-regulated the rates of apoptosis of mature B cells. The latter was associated with inhibited expression of the survival Bcl-xL gene and of IL-7 by BM cells. Furthermore, the addition of recombinant IL-7 abrogated the suppressive effects of hCDR1 on Bcl-xL in the BM cells and resulted in elevated levels of apoptosis. Hence, the down-regulated production of IL-7 contributes to the hCDR1-mediated apoptosis of mature B cells in the BM of SLEafflicted mice.