Evidence of Decrease in Peak Heart Rate in Acute Hypoxia: Effect of Exercise-Induced Arterial Hypoxemia

This study focuses on the influence of the arterial oxygen saturation level at exhaustion on peak heart rate under acute moderate hypoxia, in endurance-trained subjects. Nineteen competing male cyclists performed exhaustive ramp exercise (cycle ergometer) under normoxia and normobaric hypoxia (15 % O 2 ). After the normoxic trial, the subjects were divided into those demonstrating exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia during exercise (> 5 % decrease in SaO 2 between rest and the end of exercise, n = 10) and those who did not (n = 9). O 2 uptake, heart rate and arterial O 2 saturation (ear-oximeter) levels were measured. Under hypoxia, peak heart rate decreased for both groups (p < 0.001) and to a greater extent for hypoxemic subjects (p < 0.01). Arterial O 2 saturation under hypoxia was lower for the hypoxemic than for the non-hypoxemic subjects (p < 0.001) and it was correlated to the fall in peak heart rate between normoxia and hypoxia for all subjects (p < 0.01; r = 0.65). Hypoxemic subjects presented greater decrease in maximal O 2 uptake than non-hypoxemic ones (19.6 vs. 15.6 %; p < 0.05). The results confirm the greater decrement in arterial O 2 saturation under hypoxia in hypoxemic subjects and demonstrates a more pronounced reduction in peak heart rate in those subjects compared with non-hypoxemic ones. These data confirm the possible influence of arterial oxygenation on the decrease in peak heart rate in acute hypoxia.