Comparative characteristics of root formation and mineralization features in the permanent teeth according to cone beam computed tomography data

AIM Studying features of root formation and mineralization in permanent teeth of children and adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS The root formation features were studied in 2800 children's permanent teeth aged 6-15 in Moscow and Moscow region; cone beam computed tomography was performed according to the orthodontic indications. CBCT method was also used to study the apical foramen diameter, width of the permanent teeth periodontal fissure, perform clinical examination and treatment of youngsters and young people (aged 12-25, n=180) with pulpitis (K04.03), apical periodontitis (K04.5) and uncompleted processes of hard tissues mineralization and hard tissues with different degrees of maturation; as well as groups of adults (aged 30-50, n=170) with pulpitis (K04.03) and apical periodontitis (K04.5) in permanent teeth with completed processes of hard tissues mineralization. RESULTS CBCT is objective for visualizing teeth of both jaws which allows determining root formation stages in children's permanent teeth and high precision during one examination visit. Teeth Youngster's and young peopl's teeth have expressed anatomical and structural features during 5-6 years after root formation completion: apical foramen diameter of 0.71±0.004 mm, periodontal fissure width of 1.01±0.004 mm, hard tissues density in apical part of root is 12282.71 units HU, which is different from analogous readings in people over 25 where they make 0.61±0.004 mm (p<0.05); 0.71±0.003 mm (p<0.05); 1428.6±0.89 units HU (p<0.05) respectively. CONCLUSION CBCT is a useful tool for visualization of dental roots allowing precise definition of root developmental stage in permanent teeth in children by one diagnostic imaging procedure.