Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of Cks1 in cancer: Evidence from a meta‐analysis

BACKGROUND:Cyclin-dependent kinase subunit 1 (Cks1), as a highly conserved regulatory protein, has pleiotropic roles in cell cycle progression. As research progresses, increasingly more statistics show that Cks1 may be involved in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of a variety of tumors but the conclusions remain controversial. In addition, there has been no meta-analysis demonstrating the correlation between Cks1 and cancer. Therefore, this meta-analysis was performed to determine the prognostic and clinicopathological significance of Cks1 in various cancers. METHODS:Systematic computer literature retrieval was conducted on the Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang databases. Stata SE12.0 software was used in the quantitative meta-analysis. The hazard ratio (HR) and relative risk (RR) were pooled to assess the relationship between Cks1 expression and overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and clinicopathological parameters. RESULTS:Nineteen studies were included, totaling 2,224 participants. High expression of Cks1 was significantly correlated with worse OS (HR, 2.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.18-3.14; p < 0.001) and poorer DFS (HR, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.83-4.08; p < 0.001). In addition, high expression of Cks1 was related to lymph node metastasis (RR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.22-2.07; p = 0.001) and advanced T stage (RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.04-1.25; p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS:High Cks1 expression predicted poorer prognosis and worse clinicopathological parameters in various cancers. Increased Cks1 could be a significant prognostic biomarker for poor survival in patients with various cancers.