Genetic Impact Determination of Farmed Fish on Native Fish by mtDNA Markers

Abstract: Aquaculture is one of the world’s fastest-developing and growing food-producing sectors. The subsector’s expansion commenced in the 1970’s, actuated by move forwards in hatchery technology and pond husbandry. Aquaculture and especially fish farming, however, have been discussed as negative potential effects on environment.  The negative potential effects are, direct mortality, loss of biodiversity, tainting of wild species. Moreover these are disease transmission to other species, displacement of wild fish from natural habitat. Although these negative potential effects, cultural fish represent genetically exogenous populations or crosses between them. Some pauper gen pool of cultured fish population can develop with fertile gen pool of natural fish population or just the opposite of them. It can be said that cultured fish typically constitute gene pools. We need an observation which brings an urgent focus for conservation between natural populations and spawning populations. In this review it was observed negative genetic impacts of escaped farmed fish population on wild fish population by mtDNA markers. Keywords: Genetic impact, escaped farmed fish, molecular markers, mtDNA markers