Physiology of Normal Swallow

Swallowing is a complex and dynamic process, involving coordination between multiple sensorimotor systems. Anatomy relevant to swallowing and changes during typical development is reviewed. Swallowing is separated into four phases: (1) oral preparatory, (2) oral transport, (3) pharyngeal, and (4) esophageal, with both voluntary and reflex control. Finally, coordination between swallowing and respiration is briefly described. The intricate nature of swallowing allows for multiple disease processes and injuries to affect function, thus leading to dysphagia.