Effects of elevated air temperature on physiological characteristics of flag leaves and grain yield in rice
2013
As an indispensable environment element for crop growth, air
temperature has brought challenge for the sustainable development of
rice ( Oryza sativa L.) production. Elevated air temperature led to
great loss in rice grain yield in many districts suffering from heat
stress due to the greenhouse effect worldwide, which has received more
and more attention from researchers. A field experiment was conducted
to investigate impacts of high air temperature (HAT) after rice heading
stage on dynamics of SPAD values, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and
malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of flag leaves, and grain yield
attributes. The results showed that HAT significantly reduced SPAD
values, soluble sugar and protein contents, seed-setting rate, number
of filled grains per panicles, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield,
while increased MDA content. There exists strong correlation between
each physiological parameter and days from heading stage to maturity,
which can be simulated by quadratic curve equation or linear regression
equation. Under HAT, the enhanced MDA content and decreased soluble
sugar content demonstrated the damage of membrane structure and
photosynthesis function of rice flag leaves, which was partially
attributed to the reduced SPAD value and soluble protein content. In
the present experiment, rice seed-setting rate was more vulnerable to
HAT than grain weight. The disturbance of physiological metabolism in
flag leaves was a fundamental reason for the reduction of rice grain
yield under HAT.
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