Anticoagulación en infartos cerebrales hemorrágicos por extensa trombosis de senos venosos

Abstract Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis is an infrequent condition which presents with a wide spectrum of signs and a variable mode of onset. Sinus thrombosis may cause isolated intracranial hypertension but also may cause cerebral venous infarcts, which are frequently hemorrhagic. Treatment with antithrombotic agents is controversial because there is only one randomised controlled trial with unfractionated heparin. We report a 46- years-old man complaining of progressive headache, paraparesis and dysphasia. After admission, his neurological status worsened and he developed tetraparesis, depressed level of consciousness and seizures. A cranial computarized tomography (CT) scan showed multiple hyperdensities suggestive of hemorrhagic infarcts. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study confirmed extensive cerebral venous thrombosis. Unfractionated heparin was administered for two weeks followed by acenocumarol. Within a few days his neurological status improved, and five weeks after admission the patient only hadd slight neurological deficit. After 11 years of follow-up, he has had a complete recovery. The G20210A mutation in the prothrombin gene was detected as a likely risk factor for venous thrombosis. Therapeutical and diagnosis aspects are discussed. We review the previous literature on the topic.