YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ PROJELERİNE YÖNELİK GÜNCEL YATIRIM VE FİNANSMAN MODELLERİ: SEÇİLMİŞ ÜLKE ÖRNEKLERİ ÜZERİNDEN BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Renewable energy has different characteristics from other types of energy in terms of continuity and inexhaustibility. In addition, these resources are now seen as an important component of energy policy today and are preferred in terms of reducing carbon emissions and dependence on imported energy as they are a domestic resource. However, considering the development level, competitiveness, and cost of existing technologies, special investment and financing models are required to bring these resources into the economy.  In this study, these models are examined through selected country examples. Although different policies are implemented in each country, it is noteworthy that feed-in tariff is often a preferred model. However, considering the burden of this model to the end consumer and its negative impact on the security of electricity supply, it is considered appropriate to gradually switch to market-based models such as premium guarantee, green certificate, and tender/auction model. For this purpose, firstly premium guarantee and tender/auction models may be preferred, after taking necessary measures for security of electricity supply and system operation in the market, the green certificate model may be adopted in the final stage considering the effective functioning of the market. Market-based model has been implemented in Turkey since 2016 and positive results have been achieved in practice in terms of investor interest and price level.