Renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia is a cause of refractory hypertension in the elderly.

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is predominantly a disease of younger women, but it can occur and cause refractory hypertension in the elderly. We present here classic angiographic and intravascular ultrasound images of FMD in a 70-year-old woman with refractory hypertension. Renal artery FMD should be included in the differential diagnosis of refractory hypertension even in older patients since recognizing and treating this condition will add favorably to the outcome of these patients.