Facile synthesis of highly biologically active chitosan functionalized 2D WS2 nanocomposite anchored with palladium nanoparticles for antibacterial and anticancer activity: In-vitro biomedical evaluation

Abstract Since the discovery of graphene, the curiosity in two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials grew significantly. Among the numerous 2D nanomaterials, the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) received significant interest from the scientific world. TMDCs such as MoS2 and WS2 are new and an interesting class of materials, and show considerable promise for use in a wide variety of fields, including nanomedicine for cancer. The multi-component drug delivery system has now become a popular hub in cancer science. The WS2 nanosheet was preferred as the raw material in this research, it functionalized in addition to chitosan and palladium (CS/WS2/Pd). Hence, we studied the impact of this material on antibacterial and anticancer activity. The antibacterial efficacy of CS/WS2/Pd composite is then investigated against very dangerous bacteria such as Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus), and Gram-negative (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli). The CS/WS2/Pd composite was designed to have significant antibacterial activity against E. coli bacteria than B. subtilis, S. aureus, and K. pneumoniae). The CS/WS2/Pd composite exhibits 73.24% cell inhibition against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. These findings anticipated that this new 2D inorganic group would play a crucial role in the next generation of cancer treatments.