Nanoporous hematite nanoparticles: Synthesis and applications for benzylation of benzene and aromatic compounds

Abstract The catalytic benzylation of benzene and other aromatic compounds is one of the most important reactions in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds. In this study, we report the synthesis of nanoporous α-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles via a hydrothermal method and their application in the catalytic benzylation of benzene and benzyl chloride in the fabrication of diphenylmethane. Crystal structure and morphology characterization results demonstrated that the hydrothermal method enabled the fabrication of highly dispersed α-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles with spherical shape and an average size of 100 nm. The α-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles have nanopores of less than 10 nm that are randomly distributed inside the nanoparticles. The catalytic benzylation of benzene and benzyl chloride was conducted over the synthesized α-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles. The results demonstrated that the synthesized α-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles are effective catalysts for the benzylation of benzene and benzyl chloride with high activity and selectivity.