Stent graft for rapidly growing thoracic mycotic aneurysm in a patient with advanced lung cancer

: We report a compromised patient with mycotic aneurysm, who was successfully treated by urgent placement of a stent graft. A man in his seventies was admitted to our hospital with relapsing high fever and back pain during chemotherapy for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Contrast CT demonstrated a saccular aneurysm of the thoracic aorta and left pleural effusion. Blood cultures were positive for Escherichia coli producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). Therefore, thoracic mycotic aneurysm was diagnosed. Because of rapid growth on consecutive examinations, absolute bed rest was required. Therefore, we performed antibiotic therapy combined with stent graft placement, which achieved complete exclusion of the aneurysm. He was discharged in an ambulatory state, and his quality of life remained good at home until just before death from terminal state of the cancer.