Investigate the level of IL-8 in patients with diabetes mellitus and its relation with lipid profile and the incidence of atherosclerosis

IL-8 is a member of the CXC class of chemokines and is chemotactic for neutrophils. The cellular activation of IL-8 takes place after IL-8 binding to its receptor in the presence of calcium and protein kinase, leading to neutrophil activation and chemo taxis in infection and inflammation. Therefore, IL-8 tasks to mediate neutrophil recruitment, accumulation, and activation. The study included 50 patients with diabetes mellitus divided into a female group, which contained 16 female patients with an age range of 39-69 years, and a male group which contained 34 male patients with an age range of 40-72 years. Control groups contained forty healthy individuals divided into a female group, which contained 16 healthy females with an age range of 35-68 years, and a male group which contained 24 males with an age range of 39-69 years. ELISA kits were used to measure insulin and IL-8. The levels of insulin and IL-8 were considerably elevated throughout ( p < 0.001), total cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), were significantly elevated ( p < 0.001) in all patients as well. There was positive correlation between Interleukin-8 with LDL, while there was negative correlation with total cholesterol and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL). Interleukin-8 levels increase with obesity in patients and control groups, Interleukin-8 positively correlated with LDL-cholesterol and negatively correlated with HDL-C thus make us consider it as atherogenic factor, the increase in the level of IL-8 in patients who have diabetes mellitus may indicate increasing the incidence of atherosclerosis.