ORB key frame closed-loop detection SLAM method capable of improving consistency of position and pose of robot

The invention discloses an ORB key frame closed-loop detection SLAM method capable of improving the consistency of the position and the pose of a robot. The ORB key frame closed-loop detection SLAM method comprises the following steps of, firstly, acquiring color information and depth information of the environment by adopting an RGB-D sensor, and extracting the image features by using the ORB features; then, estimating the position and the pose of the robot by an algorithm based on RANSAC-ICP interframe registration, and constructing an initial position and pose graph; and finally, constructing BoVW (bag of visual words) by extracting the ORB features in a Key Frame, carrying out similarity comparison on the current key frame and words in the BoVW to realize closed-loop key frame detection, adding constraint of the position and pose graph through key frame interframe registration detection, and obtaining the global optimal position and pose of the robot. The invention provides the ORB key frame closed-loop detection SLAM method with capability of improving the consistency of the position and the pose of the robot, higher constructing quality of an environmental map and high optimization efficiency.