CaTiO3 and Ca1-3xSmxTiO3: Photoluminescence and morphology as a result of Hydrothermal Microwave Methodology

Abstract Calcium titanate (CaTiO 3 – CT) and samarium doped calcium titanate (CaTiO 3 :Sm 3+ – CT:Sm) powders in different Sm 3+ concentrations (0.5–5.0% molar ratio of Sm 3+ ) were obtained by the Hydrothermal Microwave Methodology at 140 °C for 16 min. These crystals were structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and micro-Raman (MR) spectroscopy. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images were employed to observe the shape and size of the crystals. The optical properties were investigated by ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. The XRD indicated structural organization at long range while MR revealed short range order for all undoped and Sm-doped samples. Morphological analysis revealed a new cubic morphology for CT:Sm, presenting an average size of 3.0 μm. Further, the ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra indicated the existence of intermediary energy levels within the band gap. The maximum intensity PL emission occurred due to 4 G 5/2 → 6 H 7/2 and 4 G 5/2 → 6 H 9/2 transitions of Sm 3+ . CIE chromaticity coordinates of the samples were determined and support these materials are promising candidates for applications as phosphors in the visible orange range. This research concluded that the methodology employed here was responsible for the presence of unusual and interesting properties for these new luminescent materials.