PPG2Live: Using dual PPG for active authentication and liveness detection.

This paper presents a novel solution based on PPG to strengthen face authentication. Our method leverages and combines different PPG signals from multiple channels to meet two objectives. First, it complements face authentication with an additional authentication factor, and second, it strengthens the liveness detection to be more resistant against presentation attacks. Our solution can be implemented as an unlock screen for mobile phones having a front-side and back-side camera or a paired smart watch as well as for webcam-enabled laptops augmented with a PPG sensor. Our evaluation shows that our method can significantly improve the resilience against presentation attacks for face recognition-based user authentication.