Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk prostatic adenocarcinoma

Introduction Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in high-risk, locally advanced prostate cancer remains an understudied area of prostate cancer. Chemotherapy continues to be a viable option. The combination with surgery may be desired but lacks data for complete recommendation. Case presentation We demonstrate the successful utilization of chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant arena. A 70-year-old male was diagnosed with high-risk prostate cancer on biopsy. Upon multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, the patient had local rectal wall invasion and stage T4 N0 M0 after a negative bone scan. After treatment with androgen-deprivation therapy and docetaxel, repeat multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging showed regression of rectal invasion. The patient elected for prostatectomy and avoided proctectomy and colostomy. The patient's postoperative prostate-specific antigen was undetectable on initial follow-up. Conclusion We show that neoadjuvant chemotherapy merits further study and may provide a more permanent surgical option for patients.